Prevalence :
approximately
60% of those who are married and able to have children use birth
control. How frequently different methods are used varies widely between
countries. The most common method in the developed world is condoms and oral
contraceptives, while in Africa it is oral contraceptives and in Latin America
and Asia it is sterilization. In the
developing world overall, 35% of birth control is via female sterilization, 30%
is via IUDs, 12% is via oral contraceptives, 11% is via condoms, and 4% is via
male sterilization.
While
less used in the developed countries than the developing world, the number of
women using IUDs as of 2007 was more than 180 million. Avoiding sex when
fertile is used by about 3.6% of women of childbearing age, with usage as high
as 20% in areas of South America . As of
2005, 12% of couples are using a male form of birth control (either condoms or
a vasectomy) with higher rates in the developed world. Usage of male forms
of birth control has decreased between 1985 and 2009. Contraceptive use
among women in Sub-Saharan Africa has risen from about 5% in 1991 to
about 30% in 2006.
As of
2012, 57% of women of childbearing age want to avoid pregnancy (867 of
1520 million). About 222 million women however were not able to access birth
control, 53 million of whom were in sub-Saharan Africa and 97 million
of whom were in Asia . This results in
54 million unplanned pregnancies and nearly 80,000 maternal deaths a year.
Part of the reason that many women are without birth control is that many
countries limit access due to religious or political reasons. while another
contributor is poverty. Due to restrictive abortion laws in
Sub-Saharan Africa, many women turn to unlicensed abortion providers
for unintended pregnancy, resulting in about 2–4% obtaining unsafe
abortions each year.
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