Stomach ( gaster ) :

Stomach is a widest part of the alimentary canal . it is J – shape and stomach is a bag like structure . the posterior side of stomach is lesser curvature and anterior side of stomach is greater curvature .
Opening  Between the oesophagus and stomach cardiac sphincter is present and it is also gastroesphageal sphincter .
Opening Between the stomach and duodenum pyloric sphincter is present .

Parts of stomach:
  1. cardiac part :
cardiac part present near the heart .
  1. fundus part:
it is filled with air .
  1. body part :
main part of stomach .
  1. pyloric part ( pylorus ) :
posterior part of the stomach . it is divided into two parts :
    1. pyloric antrum
    2. pyloric canal 

Functions of stomach :
It stores food for 4 - 5 hour . it breaks up the food and mixes the pieces with gastric juice .partially digested the food in the stomach proteins and fat .

Structure of stomach :

Stomach acid :

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) results in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival.  EGF is a low-molecular-weight polypeptide first purified from the mouse submandibular gland, but since then found in many human tissues including submandibular gland, parotid gland. Salivary EGF, which seems also regulated by dietary inorganiciodine, plays also an important physiological role in the maintenance of oro-oesophageal and gastric tissue integrity. The biological effects of salivary EGF include healing of oral and gastroesophageal ulcers, inhibition of gastric acid secretion, stimulation of DNA synthesis as well as mucosal protection from intraluminal injurious factors such as gastric acid, bile acids, pepsin, and trypsin and to physical, chemical and bacterial agents.

Stomach as nutrition sensor :

The stomach can "taste" sodium glutamate using glutamate receptors and this information is passed to the lateral hypothalamus and limbic system in the brain as a palatability signal through the vagus nerve.[16] The stomach can also sense, independently to tongue and oral taste receptors, glucose,[17] carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.This allows the brain to link nutritional value of foods to their tastes.
The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by the right gastric artery inferiorly, and the left gastric artery superiorly, which also supplies the cardiac region. The greater curvature is supplied by the right gastro-omental artery inferiorly and the left gastro-omental artery superiorly. The fundus of the stomach, and also the upper portion of the greater curvature, is supplied by the short gastric artery which arises from the splenic artery.
Blood supply :The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by the right gastric artery inferiorly, and the left gastric artery superiorly, which also supplies the cardiac region. The greater curvature is supplied by the right gastro-omental artery inferiorly and the left gastro-omental artery superiorly. The fundus of the stomach, and also the upper portion of the greater curvature, is supplied by the short gastric artery which arises from the splenic artery.
The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by the right gastric artery inferiorly, and the left gastric artery superiorly, which also supplies the cardiac region. The greater curvature is supplied by the right gastro-omental artery inferiorly and the left gastro-omental artery superiorly. The fundus of the stomach, and also the upper portion of the greater curvature, is supplied by the short gastric artery which arises from the splenic artery.
Blood supply :
The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by the right gastric artery inferiorly, and the left gastric artery superiorly, which also supplies the cardiac region. The greater curvature is supplied by the right gastro-omental artery inferiorly and the left gastro-omental artery superiorly. The fundus of the stomach, and also the upper portion of the greater curvature, is supplied by the short gastric artery which arises from the splenic artery.
blood supply :
The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by the right gastric artery inferiorly, and the left gastric artery superiorly, which also supplies the cardiac region. The greater curvature is supplied by the right gastro-omental artery inferiorly and the left gastro-omental artery superiorly. The fundus of the stomach, and also the upper portion of the greater curvature, is supplied by the short gastric artery which arises from the splenic artery. 


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